Nobility and Envy

Acts 17:1-15

Introduction

After the Fall, there are really only two kinds of community in the world: the fellowship of nobility and the fellowship of envy. Cain envied his brother, murdered him, and was exiled and built a city; Seth was the father of noble generations who found grace in the eyes of the Lord. 

The word “noble” literally means “good generation” (high-born). In a fallen world, the truly “high born” are the “reborn,” those born from above. Envy is the gangrene of bitter zeal. It is murderously destructive, while claiming to be concerned about truth and justice. Paul and Silas found examples of both nobility and envy in Thessalonica and Berea.

The Text: “Now when they had passed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica, where was a synagogue of the Jews: And Paul, as his manner was, went in unto them, and three sabbath days reasoned with them out of the scriptures…” (Acts 17:1-15)

Summary of the Text

Departing Philippi, Paul and Silas went west and came to Thessalonica, where there was a synagogue, and Paul preached for three weeks, explaining from the Old Testament that the Messiah had to suffer and rise from the dead, and that Jesus was therefore the Messiah (Acts 17:1-3). Some believed and joined Paul and Silas, but the Jews that did not believe became envious and stirred up a mob against their apparent host, a man named Jason, accusing them of creating disorder through their allegiance to another king (Acts 17:4-9). 

Paul and Silas slipped out of town that night and came to Berea, where there was another synagogue, and the Bereans were more noble and willing to study the Scriptures, many believing (Acts 17:10-12). But when the Jews of Thessalonica heard that Paul and Silas were preaching in Berea, they came and stirred up trouble there also, so that Paul left for Athens (Acts 17:13-15). 

The Messiah of the Old Testament

Paul’s primary tactic in preaching the gospel is by reading and explaining the Old Testament Scriptures and demonstrating that Jesus of Nazareth was the promised Messiah (Acts 17:2-3, 11). Christianity, like Judaism, is a religion of the book: the written word. This is a glorious testimony to the kind of God we serve: He is a God who has revealed Himself plainly and He does not change. He has spoken and His Word is true. And He is glorified in demonstrating His faithfulness (and consistency) over time (history and study). “For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning, that we through the patience and comfort of the Scriptures might have hope” (Rom. 15:4). Jesus repeatedly appealed to the Scriptures for His authority (e.g. Lk. 4:21, 24:27), and the apostles did also (Acts 8:35, Rom. 1:2, 1 Cor. 15:3-4, 2 Tim. 3:15-16).

What Scriptures would Paul have appealed to? Notice that the particular argument was over whether the Messiah needed to suffer and rise from the dead (Acts 17:3). Favorite texts of the apostles were: “The stone which the builders rejected has become the chief cornerstone” (Psalm 118:22, cf. Ps. 110). “But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all” (Is. 53:4-12). 

Envy & True Nobility

It is the preaching of Christ from those Scriptures that contrasts the Thessalonians and the Bereans. In one place, as some people believe, envy takes over and turns into a mob (Acts 17:5) and in the other place, we have true nobility that searches the Scriptures hungry for the truth (Acts 17:11). There’s nothing quite so galling to envious people but to point out how some people are better than them, but Luke will not be bullied: the Bereans were more noble than the Thessalonian mob (Acts 17:11). But people are easily bullied and manipulated by the envious: what God has given (or not given) “hurts” the envious. The envious are often “concerned” about the “trouble” being caused by the more noble. The tenth commandment requires complete contentment and joy in our condition and estate, as well as our neighbors’. 

There were some noble-minded who believed and “joined” Paul and Silas and formed the first Christian church in Thessalonica (triggering the envy) (Acts 17:4), whom Paul wrote shortly after (1 Thessalonians). Paul was still concerned to address that toxic atmosphere when he described their conversion as becoming “followers of us, and of the Lord” (1 Thess. 1:6). And not stopping there, Paul underlined the genuine ties (mother/father) that were formed between them (1 Thess. 2:7, 11) and noted that they had become followers of the churches in Judea, suffering similar things as them (1 Thess. 2:14). The envious hate the fellowship of nobility and try to spoil it by dividing us or making us feel bad. But the fellowship of nobility is based on the apostolic commitment of pleasing God and not man (1 Thess. 2:4), and the Thessalonian believers demonstrated that they understood this by the fact that they received the gospel as the Word of God and not man (1 Thess. 2:13).

Applications

True nobility is content with all truth. Envy is selective and hates truth that gets in the way of its plans or narrative. Truth includes differences in gifts, abilities, wealth, happiness, hardships, and success. Nobility studies the truth in search of true wisdom; envy sorts the truth in search of its own demands. Nobility is patient and gracious, but envy seethes with bitterness, “zealously” resenting what seems to be injustice in the world, what seems “unfair.” James says this is where our fights and quarrels come from: our bitter envy (Js. 4:1:1-2).

All human cultures and communities function on the basis of imitation and similarity: the question is only whether it is noble imitation or envious imitation. Noble imitation joins others seeking to please God and not man, seeking the truth grounded in the Scriptures, content in the generosity of God. Envious imitation idolizes others and self: obsessing over others (even their faults) and obsessing over how you feel or what you have, which will ultimately become murderous because these idols are finite and cannot deliver (and if there is a god, he is apparently a tightfisted miser). In envious cultures, this idolatrous rage builds like an electrical charge until individuals blowup at their spouse/families or whole communities can erupt in mob violence. 

This is why Christ had to suffer. Envy says, if I can’t have it my way, then nobody should. Envy resents others having what seems better. So God sent the very best thing He had into the world knowing exactly what the envious would do to Him, determining to save them by it. “He was wounded for our transgressions… by His stripes we are healed.”

Photo by Aaron Burden on Unsplash